Improvement in lubricators



UNITD STATES PATENT Y OFFICE.

ARTHUR J. JUDGE, OF BALTIMORE, MARYLAND.

IMPROVEMENT IN LUBRICATORS.

Specification forming part oi Letters Patent No. 41,302, dated January 19, 1864; antedated January 17, 1864.

To all whom yit may com om Be it known that I, ARTHUR J. JUDGE, of Baltimore city, State of Maryland, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Self- Feeding Lubricators for Machinery and Ido hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and 4exact description ot' the construction and operation of the same, reference being had to the annexed drawings, making a part ot' this specilication, in which-- Figure lis a sectional view oi' reservoir; Fig. 2, a perspective and sectional view oi' airtube; and Fig. 3 shows the lubricator complet, both in its proper and inverted position.

The nature ot' my invention consists, first, in constructing a reservoir with an inner ilan ge around the openin g, so that it cannot be entirely filled with oil, and which must necessarily leave an air-chamber; second, in the introduction of a tube, open at the top and closed at the bottom, running from the lowest point into the airchamber above the oil, so that the communication of heat from the journal below Will act directly upon the airin the chamber above, and as the heat expands the air, a pressure is created on the surface of the oil, which forces it out of an opening left below for that purpose directly over the journal.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will proceed to describe its construction and operation.

I construct my reservoirs or cups to hold the oil of any ofthe known forms, plain or ornamental, ot any desired capacity, made of glass or of either of the various metals, with a liange on the interior around the opening, so that it cannot be filled with oil, the depth of said flange to be governed by the amount of'air desired to be left in the chamber, as in filling Ithe cup no oil can rise above the iiange A, Fig. Land when reversed to its proper position the air thus coniined rises to the top and forms the desired air chamber. (Shown at A,Fig.3.) A tube is then made, of any shape or material, long enough to reach from the 1owest point, B, Fig. 3, into the air-chamber above at A, Fig. 3, made with a passage for the oil to pass down either on the side, as shown at C, Fig. 3, or through the center by an extra tube, as shown at C, Fig. 2.

The tube is to be closed at the lower end, B, Figs. 2 and 3, and opened at the top, where it enters the air-chamber above, (s D, Figs. 2 and 3,) so that the heat below from the journal communicates directly with the air in the chamber above, and the expansion of the air by the heat forces out the oil through the opening left for that purpose. (Shown at C, Figs. 2 and 3.)

The object of the tube is to obtain an airpressure as soon as possible in the lubricator, for the expansive properties of air being much greater than that of oil, a sutiicient supply ot' oil is thus furnished the journal at a much lower degree of temperature, and, besides, renders the lubricator more sensitive to the wants of the journal.

The tube must in all cases reach above the surface ot' the oil into the air-chamber, as shown at D, Fig. 3; it' not, when the air expands it will escape to the surface, and when again the air condenses, oil will take the place previously occupied in the tube with air.

As the tube is inverted when secured or put in its place, no oil can enter it, as shown at H, Fig. 3.

Where the tube is desired to be large so as to gain the action of more air, the tube should be partially closed at the top, so as to prevent the escape of air while reversing it to its proper position.

The reservoirs or cups may be also made of both metal and glass, as at Fig. 4. This is simply an opening left to insert glass, so that the stage ot' oil inside can be readily seen.

The lower end of tube, for places where but a small hole can be obtained for a lubricator, may be made with a small part at the lower end, merely to conduct the oil down to the journal, as fully shown in Fig. 5, at B.

Tubes can be as well screwed on the exterior as interior of opening, as shown at B, Fig. l.

Having fully described my improvements, I wish to be distinctly understood as claiming nothing herein that has been previously secured to me by Letters Patent 5 but What I do claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

l. The combination of reservoir, as described,

Fig. 1,witl1 the air-chamber and the innei1 tube, as shown in Fig. 3, in the manner and for the purpose herein specified.

2. The application of an innei` tube or pipe passing up through center of oil into the airohamber above, said tube to be open at top and elosed'at the bottom, With a passage on the side or through small pipe in the center for the oil to come down Without entering* the air-chamber, as fully shown at C, Figs. 2

Witnesses:

A. B. Cool-IRAN, WiLLiAM ATWATER. 

